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As the wave
travels at light velocity, then charge supplied from
outside the system would have to travel at light velocity as well,
which is clearly impossible. - Pepper , above.
I conclude that the 'Josephson
view' remains correct, while the alternative is based on the incorrect
idea that the electrons would have to travel at the speed of light
if they arrived along the 'east west' axis. - Josephson
Pepper has confirmed that
he agrees with my analysis. - Brian
J.
Hamlet.
Do you see yonder cloud that's almost the shape
of a camel?
Polonius.
By th' mass, and 'tis like a camel indeed.
Hamlet.
Methinks it is like a weasel.
Polonius.
It is back'd like a weasel.
Hamlet.
Or a whale?
Polonius.
Very like a whale.
Hamlet.
.... .... [Aside] They fool me to the top of
my bent. ....
Dear Bas
Lago ,
Why did your hero betray you? If you cannot trust
someone
"knighted
for services to physics" , then whom can you follow? Should you try to gain
some expertise of your own? Do they knight mountebanks "for services
to physics", or for other services? Does that make you a mountebank?
Was Pepper the only man who supported your
defiance of Gauss's Law , (and therefore one of Maxwell's Equations)?
Did you get the courage to do so from Pepper and/or from cronies in
the IEE? Why was Dr.
Arnold Lynch's death ignored by the IEE? - Ivor Catt
"Catt's belief in his own work is clearly sincere,
but this reviewer, after lengthy and careful consideration, can find
virtually nothing of value in this book." - B
LAGO , 1994
Pepper's
Rabbit
"The important point is that Secker wrote that
his IEE experts had backed the wrong horse, opting for Cambridge with
its aberrant Pepper; (defying Gauss's Law, by) producing charge from
the south from inside the conductor like a rabbit from a hat. The
IEE opted for prestige rather than for the more tenable explanation
from lowly Bradford [and now Josephson
- 2007]; that the charge came from the west, and
somehow managed to do so even though it travelled too slowly."
- "The
Catt Anomaly", 1996
[The obituary below was given in the USA in the IEEE]
Arnold Charles Lynch BSc MS PhD CEng
FIEE (1914-2004)
J Patrick Wilson.
Arnold Lynch was a founder member of the Science,
Education and Technology Division of the IEE, an active member of
the Archives Committee and instrumental in setting up the annual weekend
meetings on the History of Electrical Engineering, most of which he
attended. In addition he was a lively contributor to discussions,
a most helpful and informative correspondent with many colleagues,
and a popular after-dinner speaker. He was an avid reader of the ‘Dipole’
column in IEE News and solver of its puzzles. He received at least
six IEE premiums for lectures or papers. Arnold was born in Tottenham,
North London, on 3 June 1914, where his father was a headmaster. His
parents, who were active in the Labour party, named him after Matthew
Arnold. He won a scholarship to Dame Alice Owen’s School in Islington
and from there went to Emmanuel College Cambridge where he studied
under Rutherford and G F Searle, and attended a rather dated lecture
course given by the ageing J J Thomson. In 1936, after a short spell
making amplifiers, he entered the Post Office by competitive examination
and worked at their Research Station at Dollis Hill until his retirement
in 1974. During this time he gained a BSc in psychology through evening
classes at Birkbeck College and, shortly before his retirement, Cambridge
University awarded him a PhD for his contributions to electrical engineers.
At Dollis Hill he was involved in a wide variety of research projects
including measurements of permeability and permittivity of magnetic
and dielectric materials and the measurement and application of piezo-electric
devices. He developed many new measuring techniques, such as that
for the capacitance between conductors in a multiway cable so that
crosstalk and interference could be minimised over long distances.
During the war a variety of secret projects arose whose purpose was
not disclosed although Arnold admitted he made his own guesses. One
problem for him was whether it was possible for the enemy to detect
magnetic compasses secreted in RAF uniform buttons. When the war was
over he was sent to Germany to interview scientists, including Heisenberg,
about their work. In 1974 he took up retirement work, first at City
University, where he developed high voltagetechniques to measure the
flow of electricity in the power link between France and England.
Atthe Polytechnic of the South Bank he investigated the breakdown
of insulators at high voltages, and at University College London he
worked on open resonators at millimetric wavelengths for free-space
measurement of ferrites. His major retirement work was at NPL where
he developed non-contact methods for measuring resistivity which found
application in checking the heat-treatment of aircraft components
and in identifying coins in slot-machines. He also taught mathematics
at Open University summer schools for about ten years, and was involved
in the rebuilding of Colossus, providing many technical details from
memory. His hobby interests included classical music, skiing, sailing,
cycling and motor cycling, an old Rolls-Royce, bridge and local history.
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Arnold married Edith Taylor in 1953 and they settled in Potter’s Bar.
She was a teacher of the deaf and enjoyed accompanying him on many
of the weekend meetings. She died in February and he in November 2004,
at the age of 90. They are survived by a son and a daughter, their
younger daughter died in infancy. He made many contributions to the
history of electrical engineering, including lectures at Savoy Place
on J J Thomson’s discovery of the electron, ‘Half the electron’ and
‘Blumlein’s transformerbridge network’. These were later published
in ESEJ as well as a paper on ‘Four pioneer deep-sea cables’. His
sixteen contributions to the IEE History weekends covered several
recurring themes as well asmiscellaneous subjects such as the ether
(1981) and electromagnetic theory (1998), biographies of Fleeming
Jenkin (1986) and Heaviside (1988) and the Variac (1997). Four concerned
computers as Arnold had been involved in what is now regarded as the
world’s first digital computer. This was Colossus and its prototype
Heath Robinson, used for deciphering the German teleprinter-based
Lorentz machines and the Geheimschreiber. Arnold’s contribution to
the project (vide 1978 paper) was an optical reader for the punched
tape output, which used crescent-shaped windows so that the circular
punched hole would produce a rectangular pulse from the photocell.
Interestingly, his optical reader was a derivative of the Post Office
speaking clock (1990). The camera for this was later used in a number
of WW2 projects to record the sounds of planes, helicopters and tanks
for training purposes, as well as the Auto-Teller for RAF Fighter
CommandHQ. This was a crude form of speech synthesiser in which sequences
from a limited vocabulary of words recorded on a glass disc could
be selected by a code sent on a narrow-band telegraph line. In his
third computer paper (1984), Arnold discussed mechanical and electromechanical
systemsof data storage: punched tape; thermionic valves; capacitors;
cathode ray tubes; mercury and quartz delay lines; magnetic techniques;
semiconductors; and the threaded magnetic core storesthat he was involved
with. His fourth paper (1999) was a tribute to the late T H Flowers
who wasthe leader of the Colossus project and whose involvement stemmed
from the use of indirectly-heated thermionic valves in telephone exchanges.
Arnold contributed several papers on the history of measuring techniques
(1993, 2001), units, material standards (1980, 1982, 1983) and in
his last paper (2003) he described himself as ‘almost retired’! He
also had a great interest in submarine cables: both the pioneering
telegraph ones andthe first telephone cable (TAT1) in which he was
personally involved (1995). This was a joint UK/UK/Canadian venture
requiring a series of amplifiers and a much better coaxial cable,
usingpolythene insulation, a British invention. Unfortunately US polythene
appeared to behave differently under pressure from that measured by
Arnold. Fortunately he was able to convincethem that this was due
to the measuring techniques, thus avoiding foreign payments for‘American’
polythene. Over the years Arnold Lynch worked on a wide variety of
interesting topics and we are fortunate in having this legacy of recorded
information as well as happy memories of a friend and colleague. Thanks
are due to Arnold’s family and former colleagues, and to the IET Archives
for much of the above information. 7
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